Family doctors can help to treat a wide variety of conditions, including, but certainly not limited to:

- Common illnesses: respiratory infections (e.g., colds, flu, bronchitis), ear and throat infections, sinus infections, urinary tract infections (UTIs)
- Chronic diseases: diabetes, hypertension (high blood pressure), high cholesterol, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Cardiovascular conditions: coronary artery disease, heart failure, palpitations, hypertension
- Gastrointestinal disorders: gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), peptic ulcers
- Musculoskeletal conditions: arthritis, back pain, sprains and strains, osteoporosis
- Dermatological issues: skin rashes, eczema, acne, skin infections, dermatitis
- Mental health: anxiety, depression, stress management, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
- Women's health: gynecological care, pap smears, family planning and contraception, menopause management
- Men's health: prostate health, erectile dysfunction, testosterone issues
- Pediatric care: well-child check-ups, vaccinatinos, pediatric illnesses (e.g., ear infections, respiratory infections), growth and development assessments
- Geriatric care: elderly care and geriatric assessments, management of age-related conditions, end-of-life care and planning
- Preventative care: health screenings (e.g., mammograms, colonscopies), immunizations and vaccinations, lifestyle counseling (e.g., nutrition, exercise), smoking cessation
- Minor injuries: minor cuts and lacerations, sprains and fractures, burns, insect bites and stings
- Infections: sexually transmitted infections (STIs), skin infections, respiratory infections
- Allergies: allergic rhinitis (hay fever), allergic skin reactions, anaphylaxis management